Typical accompanying symptoms — Capillary malformation

In addition to the psychosocial burden already described, circumscribed growth anomalies are typical, albeit relatively rare, accompanying symptoms of capillary malformations (CM). Especially multifocal, reticular and large-surface capillary malformations may be accompanied by circumscribed overgrowth or even undergrowth. In this context, the clinical picture described as “diffuse capillary malformation with overgrowth” (DCMO) or CM hemihyperplasia has to be clearly distinguished from the disproportional overgrowth syndromes (Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome, CLOVES syndrome, Parkes Weber syndrome) on account of the lack of other associated anomalies.

Children with DCMO involving the legs show a leg length discrepancy in a good half of cases and should therefore have regular clinical check-ups and, if necessary, should be co-managed by pediatric orthopedics. Other accompany symptoms observed are skin defects (ulcerations) in cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita and, in the further course, skin atrophies; in CMTC, circumscribed hypoplasia and less often hyperplasia of the affected extremity can occur, with resulting body asymmetry.