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Compendium Vascular Anomalies

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Find scientific articles and clinical cases on vascular malformations and vascular tumors

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  • Disease groups
    • The classification of vascular anomalies
      • The classification of vascular anomalies
      • Overview — Classification of vascular anomalies
      • Simple vascular malformations
      • Combined vascular malformations
      • Malformations of major named vessels
      • Vascular malformations associated with other anomalies
      • Classification of vascular tumors
      • Recommended literature — The classification of vascular anomalies
    • Vascular tumors
      • Vascular tumors
      • Infantile hemangioma
      • Congenital hemangioma
      • Tufted angioma
      • Spindle cell hemangioma, epithelioid hemangioma
      • Pyogenic granuloma
      • Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma
      • Kaposi’s sarcoma
      • Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma
      • Angiosarcoma
      • Recommended literature - Vascular tumors
    • Arteriovenous malformations
      • Arteriovenous malformations
      • Characteristics of the clinical presentation — Arteriovenous malformation
      • Clinical presentation — Arteriovenous malformation
      • Symptoms — Arteriovenous malformation
      • Imaging — Arteriovenous malformation
      • Differential diagnosis — Arteriovenous malformation
      • Prognosis — Arteriovenous malformation
      • Typical accompanying symptoms — Arteriovenous malformation
      • Therapy methods — Arteriovenous malformation
      • Complications in the natural course — Arteriovenous malformation
      • Special types — Arteriovenous malformation
      • Syndromes with arteriovenous malformation
      • Recommended literature — Arteriovenous malformation
    • HHT · Osler’s disease
      • HHT · Osler’s disease
      • Genetic basis - HHT - Osler’s disease
      • Characteristics of the clinical presentation — HHT · Osler’s disease
      • Clinical presentation — HHT · Osler’s disease
      • Symptoms — HHT · Osler’s disease
      • Imaging — HHT · Osler’s disease
      • Differential diagnosis — HHT · Osler’s disease
      • Prognosis — HHT · Osler’s disease
      • Typical accompanying symptoms — HHT · Osler’s disease
      • Therapy methods — HHT · Osler’s disease
      • Complications in the natural course — HHT · Osler’s disease
      • Special types — HHT · Osler’s disease
      • Recommended literature — HHT · Osler’s disease
    • Venous malformations
      • Venous malformations
      • Characteristics of the clinical presentation — venous malformation
      • Clinical presentation — Venous malformation
      • Symptoms — Venous malformation
      • Imaging — Venous malformation
      • Differential diagnosis — Venous malformation
      • Prognosis — Venous malformation
      • Typical accompanying symptoms — Venous malformation
      • Therapy methods — Venous malformation
      • Complications in the natural course — Venous malformation
      • Special types — Venous malformations
      • Syndromes with venous vascular malformations
      • Recommended literature — Venous Malformations
    • Lymphatic malformations
      • Lymphatic malformations
      • Genetic basis — Lymphatic malformation
      • Characteristics of the clinical presentation — Lymphatic malformation
      • Clinical presentation — Lymphatic malformation
      • Symptoms — Lymphatic malformation
      • Imaging — Lymphatic malformation
      • Differential diagnosis — Lymphatic malformation
      • Prognosis — Lymphatic malformation
      • Typical accompanying symptoms — Lymphatic malformation
      • Therapy methods — Lymphatic malformation
      • Complications in the natural course — Lymphatic malformation
      • Primary lymphedema
      • Syndromes with lymphatic malformation
      • Recommended literature — Lymphatic malformations
    • Capillary malformations
      • Capillary malformations
      • Genetic basics — Capillary malformation
      • Characteristics of the clinical presentation — Capillary malformation
      • Clinical presentation — Capillary malformation
      • Symptoms — Capillary malformation
      • Imaging — Capillary malformation
      • Differential diagnosis — Capillary malformation
      • Prognosis — Capillary malformation
      • Typical accompanying symptoms — Capillary malformation
      • Therapy methods — Capillary malformation
      • Complications in the natural course — Capillary malformation
      • Special types — Capillary malformation
      • Syndromes with capillary malformation
      • Recommended literature — Capillary malformation
    • Vascular malformations associated with other anomalies
      • Vascular malformations associated with other anomalies
      • Sturge-Weber syndrome
      • Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome
      • CLOVES syndrome
      • CLAPO syndrome
      • Fibrolipomatous gigantism, hemihyperplasia multiple lipomatosis syndrome
      • Megalencephaly and capillary malformation
      • Diffuse capillary malformations and overgrowth
      • Proteus syndrome
      • PTEN hamartoma syndrome
      • Parkes Weber syndrome
      • Maffucci syndrome
      • Recommended literature — Vascular malformations associated with other anomalies
  • Genetics
    • Genetic basis of vascular malformations
    • Recommended literature — Genetics
  • Histology
    • Histopathology
    • Prerequisites for sample material
    • Standard staining
    • Antibodies for the diagnosis of vascular anomalies
    • Typical histologic examples
    • Recommended literature − Histopathology
  • Imaging
    • Imaging
    • Imaging indications
    • Sonography
    • Magnetic resonance imaging
    • Digital subtraction angiography
    • Phlebography · Varicography
    • Conventional X-ray
    • Computed tomography
    • Intranodal lymphangiography
    • Recommended literature — Imaging
  • Therapy
    • Invasive therapy
      • Invasive therapy
      • Principles of invasive therapy
      • Overview of therapy indications
      • Sclerotherapy
      • Bleomycin ElectroScleroTherapy (BEST)
      • Endoluminal ablation procedures
      • Embolization
      • Laser therapy
      • Open surgery
      • Soft tissue surgery of the extremities
      • Vascular surgery
      • Surgical strategy for malformations of the head and neck
      • Surgery of hand and foot in children
      • Combination therapy
      • Recommended literature — Invasive therapy
    • Conservative therapy
      • Conservative therapy
      • Compression therapy
      • Compression garments
      • Automatic pneumatic compression devices
      • Manual lymphatic drainage
      • Complex combined decongestion therapy
      • Exercise therapy and physiotherapy
      • Recommended literatur — Conservative therapy
    • Drug therapy
      • Drug therapy
      • Anticoagulation — Indication and implementation
      • Drug therapy of bleeding
      • Propranolol
      • Erysipelas therapy
      • Anti-angiogenic therapy
      • Recommended literature — Drug therapy
  • Related issues
    • Orthopedic problems associated with vascular malformations
      • Orthopedic problems associated with vascular malformations
      • Clinical orthopedic examination
      • Limb length discrepancy
      • Joint pathologies
      • Contractures
      • Scoliosis
      • Foot deformities
      • Orthopedic surgical therapy for vascular malformations
      • Recommended literature — Orthopedic problems associated with vascular malformations
    • Pain therapy and anesthesia
      • Pain therapy and anesthesia
      • Types of pain associated with vascular malformations
      • Patient-specific treatment strategies
      • Conservative therapies and exercise therapy
      • Drug therapy in pain management
      • Anesthesia and anesthetic procedures for vascular malformations
      • Special features of anesthesia: the difficult airway
      • Recommended literature — Pain therapy and anesthesia
    • Coagulation disorders
      • Coagulation disorders
      • Typical coagulation anomalies
      • Clinical presentation of coagulation disorders
      • Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon
      • Localized intravascular coagulation · LIC
      • Recommended literature - Coagulation disorders
    • Thrombosis and thrombophlebitis
      • Thrombosis and thrombophlebitis
      • Thrombophlebitis
      • Thrombosis • Phlebothrombosis
      • Recommended literature — Thrombosis and thrombophlebitis
    • Wounds and ulcerations
      • Wounds and ulcerations
      • Associated clinical pictures — Wounds and ulcerations
      • Clinical presentation − Wounds and ulcerations
      • Secondary infection − Wounds and ulcerations
      • Therapy — Wounds and ulcerations
      • Prophylaxis — Wounds and ulcerations
      • Recommended literature — Wounds and ulcerations
    • Cardiac complications
      • Cardiac complications
      • Clinical pictures with cardiac complications
      • Arrhythmia
      • High-output cardiac failure
      • Left ventricular hypertrophy and coronary artery disease
      • Coexisting heart disease, CAD, valvular heart disease
      • Therapy — Cardiac complications
      • Prophylaxis — Cardiac complications
      • Recommended literature — Cardiac complications
  • Consultation hour
    • Activities of daily life in patients with vascular anomalies
    • Feeling of heaviness and pressure in the legs
    • Recurring skin inflammation/erysipelas
    • Nail bed inflammation
    • Skin care
    • Exercise and sports
    • Nutrition and diet
    • Social life and wellbeing
    • Career guidance for young people
    • Sex life and pregnancy
    • Tattoos and vascular anomalies
    • Recommended literature — Consultation hour
  • For people affected
    • The challenge vascular anomaly
      • A long path
    • Patients and relatives
      • Patients and relatives
      • What does a congenital vascular malformation mean to those affected?
      • What does a congenital vascular malformation mean for relatives?
      • Typical problems for patients with vascular anomalies
      • Questions regarding Health Insurance (German language only)
      • Healthcare system in Germany (German language only)
      • Network

Recommended and new articles

Primary lymphedema
  • Author(s): Ure, Christian | Wohlgemuth, Walter A.
  • Chapter: Lymphatic malformations

All essential information on definition, diagnostics and therapy can be found here.

Read now
Bleomycin ElectroScleroTherapy (BEST)
  • Author(s): Wohlgemuth, Walter A.
  • Chapter: Invasive therapy

Reversible electroporation as a new development in sclerotherapy for slow-flow malformations.
Read all about its application and effect here.

Read now
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